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Smoothing Things Out With Commutation
Chuck Lewin
It's All About the Motors
Commutation is one of the most important aspects of motor control. A properly commutated motor runs more smoothly, with less heat production and is easier to position. Although the concept of commutation goes hand-in-hand with motor design, new techniques for commutation have recently become popular that have the potential to improve motor performance and give you greater control over your moton control design.
Motor commutation can be illustrated using the model of two simple bar magnets, each with a north and a south pole (Figure 1). In the motor, the stator or the stationary part of the motor, represents one bar magnet while the rotor or the rotating part of the motor represents the other. Each magnet has a particular magnetic 'vector direction.' Maximum torque to rotate the motor is achieved when the two vectors are pointing 90 degrees apart. Conversely, when the magnetic poles are either aligned or 180 degrees apart, the available torque is zero.
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Performance Motion Devices, Inc.
55 Old Bedford Rd.
Lincoln, MA, 01773
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